Atolani, OAreh, E.TOguntoye, O.SZubair, M.FFabiyi, O.AOyegoke, R.ATarigha, D.EAdamu, NAdeyemi, O.SKambizi, LOlatunji, G.A2023-06-132023-06-132019Atolani, O., Areh, E.T., Oguntoye, O.S., Zubair, M.F., Fabiyi, O.A., Oyegoke, R.A. Tarigha, D. E, Adamu, N., Adeyemi, O.S., Kambizi, L., and Olatunji, G.A. (2019). Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-lipooxygenase, antimicrobial, anti-parasite and cytotoxicity of Polyalthia longifolia seed oil. Medicinal Chemistry Research. 22(12):https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-019-02301-zhttps://uilspace.unilorin.edu.ng/handle/20.500.12484/11099This work investigates the chemical compositions of Polyalthia longifolia Thw. seed oil with the associated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasite and cytotoxicity potentials. The oil of P. longifolia seed obtained by soxhlet extraction was trans-esterified and the fatty acid profile characterized using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays. The anti-bacterial and anti-fungi properties of the oil were determine on clinical isolates of the organisms using agar diffusion method. The anti-inflammatory activities, cytotoxicity and anti-parasite potential were evaluated using lipooxygenase, mammalian cell and Toxoplasma gondii assays respectively. P. longifolia seed was observed to contain oleic (30.31%), linoleic acid (19.27%) and palmitic acid (15.11%) as the major fatty acids with low proportion of tricosylic acid (6.10) and stearic acid (5.56%). The oil had significant anti-lipooxygenase activity (IC50 = 0.70 ± 0.02 µg/mL) comparable to indomethacin (IC50 = 0.53 ± 0.07 µg/mL). The DPPH (IC50 = 55.91 ± 31.18 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 16.89 ± 15.50 µg/mL) antioxidant activity of the oil was lower to the ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.34 ± 0.04 and 0.54 ± 0.04 µg/mL). The oil also showed activities against all the tested bacteria and fungi. The highest inhibition was recorded against S. aureus (17 ± 1 mm) at concentration 200 mg/mL. Further, the oils showed strong potential to restrict growth of Toxoplasma gondii in vitro, but the parasite growth inhibition was mildly abated in the presence of α- tocopherol. The seed oil of the underutilized P. longifolia possesses essential fatty acids which could be responsible for the numerous biological potentials which include anti-lipooxygenase, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasite, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. The incorporation of the natural oil into pharmaceuticals or cosmetics may enhance antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potential of such products.enPolyalthia longifolia ● Oleic acid; Drug discovery; Medicinal chemistry;Medicinal biochemistry; Toxoplasma gondiiArticle