Akanni, JimohAbdurrhaman, IsaThomas, CorneliusAlao, RasaqAdeshola, Abimbola2023-04-142023-04-142020https://nipesjournals.org.ng/nipes-journal-of-science-and-technology-research-volume-22-2020https://uilspace.unilorin.edu.ng/handle/20.500.12484/9199Wireless technology offers more flexible and inexpensive ways of communication and with four key comparative advantages over the wired technology–increased efficiency, high availability, greater flexibility and mobility for users at a far better reduced cost of installation and maintenance [1]. The high increase in the growth of wireless devices with the present static radio spectrum management has created an inadequacy in the available radio spectrum [2], and presently the spectrum regulatory bodies are of the view that static spectrum management approach giving exclusive right of way to use licensed is still efficient [3]. The global monthly data traffic grew by about 69% from 1.5 exabyte in 2013 to 2.5 exabyte at the end of year 2014 and this is expected to reach up to 24.5 exabyte in 2019 and beyond that as forecasted by Cisco visual networking index [4]. This static allocation of radio spectrum is no longer adequate to grant access to the exponential growth of the wireless device because some portions of the radio spectrum are heavily used while the others are rarely used or not used at all; thus the inadequate sharing of the radio spectrum among users can lead to the opening of unwanted denial of service event [5]. In addition, the demand for wireless coverage, capacity, connectivity and services will continually expand and a critical barrier is the scarcity of the radio spectrum because it is fixed and cannot be expanded.enSpectrum occupancy, Duty cycle, Cognitive Radio (CR), 3GArticle