Browsing by Author "Lawal, B. A."

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    Anti-inflammatory and Diuretic Activities of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) and Andrographis paniculata Burm. f. (Acanthaceae) Co-administered in Rats.
    (Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice, 2016-06) Lawal, B. A.; Salawu, K. M.; Agunu, A.; Adedoyin, I. R.; Abdulganiy, G. O.; Ayanniyi, R. O.
    Moringa oleifera Lam. ( Moringaceae) and Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. ( Acanthaceae) are commonly used medicine plants in severalparts of Nigeria . The leaf extract of M. oleifera (MO) has been extensively studied and used traditionally for its anti-inflammatory anddiuretic activities. Because of the wide medicinal benefits of these plants they are often used together in polyherbal formulation(s). This study was aimed at evaluating some biological activities of MO and A. paniculata (AP) administered singly and in combination. Thisaim was pursued using in vivo acute toxicity study, formalin induced rat paw edema and diuretic assay. The leaf extracts MO and AP were observed to be safe up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. The extract of MO and AP at 100 mg/kg body weightdisplayed 69.44 and 10.10 % inhibition of rat paw edema respectively, while the combination of extract elicited weaker inhibition (11.29 %)of paw volume. The extract of MO and AP when administered singly and in various combination at different doses elicited similar diureticactivity compared to the hydrochlorothiazide except at a combined dose of MO 50 mg/kg + AP 50 mg/kg, where the urine volume(1.27±0.60 mL) was lower compared to the negative control (1.62±0.52 mL). The extracts of MO and AP were observed to be relatively safe. The extract of MO had significant anti-inflammatory and diuretic activitiescompared to AP . However the combination of both plants extracts led to inhibition of the anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities of MO.
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    Chemical constituents of the stem bark of Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn ex. Benth. (Fabaceae).
    (Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 2019) Ahmadu, A. A.; Lawal, B. A.; Olanipekun, B.; Udobre, A.; Tsafantakis, N.; Fokialakis, N.
    The genus Acacia has been known to be a rich source of many secondary metabolites. This study was carried to isolate chemical constituents present in the stem bark of Acacia auriculiformis. The dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Acacia auriculiformis was obtained by maceration. The extract obtained was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC. The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis. This led to the isolation of ferulic acid ester (I), along with a steroid (II) and a triterpenoid (III). The structure of compound I was established using spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, NMR and mass spectrometry) and identified to be dodecyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-trans-cinnamate (I), compounds II and III were found to be á-spinasterol and lupenol respectively, based on the comparison of their spectral data NMR and MS with literature report. Compound I is being reported for the first time in the genus Acacia.
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    PERCEPTION OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF TRADITIONAL AND HERBAL MEDICINE AMONG STUDENTS IN THE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, NIGERIA
    (Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 2016) Lawal, B. A.; Agunu, A.
    The practice of traditional medicine in Nigeria is widely acceptable and contributes significantly to healthcare delivery, yet, integration and/or corecognition with orthodox medicine is still faced with a lot of challenges. One of the most recommended ways of addressing these challenges include enlightenment on the practice of traditional medicine and opportunities available for the general populace. This study presents a survey of the perception of the knowledge of traditional and herbal medicine among medical and nursing students in the College of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 159 students were selected for the survey from 200 to 500 level of medical students and nursing students of the College of medicine of the University using a semi structured questionnaire and informal conversation on the respondents. A total of 98 medical students and 61 nursing students consisting of 39% male and 61% female. Ninety-two percent of the respondents have had contact with traditional and herbal medicine although level of interest is 39% low, 49% medium and just 12% high. Majority of the respondents (87%) prefer modern medicine and only 8% prefer herbal medicine. 60% of the respondents will like to take a course in traditional/herbal medicine, but only 9% will actually like to practice traditional medicine. Although majority of the respondents have no knowledge of traditional/herbal medicine, but they are willing to understand the practice. There is therefore need for the incorporation of traditional and herbal medicine into college of medicine curriculum.
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    PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND IN VITRO STABILITY STUDIES OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED GOLD NANOPARTICLES USING PELARGONIUM SIDOIDES
    (Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2020-07) Badeggi, U. M.; Lawal, B. A.; Akinfenwa, A. O.; Ayipo, Y. O.; Azeh, Y.; Dagaci, M. Z.
    In the present study, Pelargonium sidoides (PS) extract was used in the green synthesis of AuNPs that was characterized by UV-Vis, TEM, SAED, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and DLS. UV-Vis showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at λmax of 532 nm while TEM shows that the particles are predominantly spherical and monodispersed. DLS measurement indicated the particle size and the zeta potential to be 27.20 nm and -24.0 mV respectively. The in vitro stability of the hybrid particles in different solutions and buffers (pH 7 and 9) confirmed that the particles are stable over a given period. The method employed is simple, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive. Our studies suggest that the Pelargonium sidoides-gold nanoparticles (PS-AuNPs) may be safely used in biomedical applications such as drug delivery.
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    Phytochemical and In-vivo Antimalarial Investigations of Dichrostachys cinerea Root Bark.
    (Tropical Journal of Natural Products Research, 2020-11) Fadipe, L. A.; Ajemba, C.; Lawal, B. A.; Ahmadu, A.; Ibikunle, G. F.
    The various parts of Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) are ethnomedicinally useful in the management of malaria. This study investigates the in-vivo antimalarial potentials of the ethanol extract of D. cinerea root bark and its fractions, as well as, the isolation and characterization of a phytoconstituent from one of the active fractions. Phytochemical, acute toxicity and antimalarial potentials of the crude ethanol extract of D. cinerea (ED) its chloroform- (EDC), ethyl acetate- (EDE) and butanol- (EDB) fractions were evaluated. The extract, ED and its fractions revealed no toxicity in mice, up to 2000 mg/kg. In-vivo antimalarial testing of extract and fractions against P. berghei using the 4-day suppressive testing revealed that fractions EDC and EDB at 600 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed the level of parasitemia, prolonged the mean survival time (p < 0.05) and protected infected mice against reductions in rectal temperature (p > 0.05), body weights (p > 0.05) and packed cell volume (p < 0.05); all in comparison with Chloroquine at 25 mg/kg/day. Application of different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques to fraction EDB led to the isolation and characterization of Methyl 2, 3-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate (a derivative of methyl gallate). These findings revealed that the strong presence of phenolic constituents, either acting singly or synergistically with other bioactive compounds probably contributed to the antimalarial activity of factions EDC and EDB and hence, the folkloric use of D. cinerea root bark as an antimalarial agent; an indication that the plant might be a potential source of novel antimalarial agent(s).
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    Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activities of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of the Roots of Adenodolichos paniculatus against selected Pathogenic Microorganisms
    (Pharmaceutical Society of Kenya, 2022) Njinga, N. S.; Lawal, B. A.; David, S. M.; Eniayewu, I. O.; Bello, N.; Shittu, A. O.; Kolawole, A. J.; Ene, O. C.; Bamidele, O. D.; Saka, K. L.; Salawu, K. M.; Odunola, R. O.
    Drugs derived from natural sources present a significant alternative therapy in the management of infectious diseases. The increasing resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to orthodox medicine has necessitated the search for alternative means of treatment. This study is aimed at evaluating the phytochemicals,antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of Adenodolichos paniculatus against selected pathogenic microorganisms. The phytochemical constituents were done using standard procedures and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl. Antimicrobial activity was investigated using fourteen pathogenic organisms, which included five gram-positive and seven gram-negative bacterial strains and three fungal strains using Agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition of the extract against the test organisms, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as well as the minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were determined. The extract was found to contain steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. The total phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins were found to be 1.427±0.02 mg/g gallic acid, 0.4239±0.19 mg/g quercetin, 5% and 75.23% respectively. The antioxidant activity at concentrations of 7.53 and 15.51 µg/mL were not statistically different from that of vitamin C (P<0.05) and the IC50 found to be 4.906 µg/mL. The zones of inhibition ranged from 22 – 47 mm while the MIC and MBC/MFC was observed to be 5 to 10 mg/mL, and 10 to 40 mg/mL respectively. The availability of phytochemicals with remarkable antioxidant activities and the demonstration of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi strains show that A. paniculata root is a potential source for the production of antioxidants as well as antimicrobial drugs