Browsing by Author "Ajala, OE"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Item
    Effect of extracting methods on micro-organisms characterization in orange juice
    (Agricultural Biosystems Engineering International: CIGR, 2021) Sunmonu, MO; Odewole, MM; Sanusi, MS; Ajala, OE; Oyedeji, HF
    The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the micro-organisms count in the raw and processed orange fruits using the Pour Plate Method and the Spread Plate Method. The study objective was to extract the juice from fresh orange juice using a Juice extractor, to determine the microbial count of orange juice and orange fruit, and to identify and characterize the different microbes present in the raw orange and processed fruit (juice) using different methods. In this study, different samples of orange fruits/juice were analyzed using Pour Plate Method (PPM) and Spread Plate Method (SPM). Samples analyzed include Raw orange Fruit (RF) serving as control, Manually Extracted orange Juice (MEJ), Machine Extracted orange Juice (MAEJ), Pasteurized Machine Extracted orange Juice at 85oC (PMAEJ, 85oC) and Refrigerated Machine Extracted orange Juice at 4oC (RMAEJ, 4oC).The micro-organisms count considered include Total Heterotrophic Plate Count (THPC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), Total Faecal Coliform Count (TFCC), and Fungal Count (FC). A total of 15 micro-organisms were identified which were Aeromonashydrophila, Bacillussubtilis,Micrococcussp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcusepidermis,Listeriasp.,Lactobacillus fermenti, Providenciasp., Klebsiellapneumonia, Enterobacteraerogenes, Sacchoronyeescereoisioe, Penicillium sp., Aspergillusniger, Rhizopusstolonifer,and Nucorracemosus. In all the samples, SPM was able to isolate more micro-organisms than PPM. Raw oranges showed high number of microbial load than any of the four samples while pasteurized orange juice showed the least number of microbial loads. Generally, for all the samples, the THPC ranges from 1.81 x 104 to 0.16 x 104cfumL-1, TCC ranges from 0.23 x 103 to 0.00 x 103cfumL-1, FCC ranges from 0.00 x 101 to 0.00 x 101cfumL-1, and FC ranges from 0.90 x 104 to 0.00 x 104cfu mL-1for Pour Plate method. While for spread plate method, THPC ranges from 1.83 x 104 to 1.80 x 104cfumL-1, TCC ranges from 0.29 x 103 to 0.00 x 103cfumL-1, FCC ranges from 0.00 x 101 to 0.00 x 101cfumL-1, and FC ranges from 1.00 x 104 to 0.00 x 104cfumL-1.From the two methods used in isolating micro-organisms, it can be recommended that the spread plate method is a more reliable method than the pour plate method in evaluating micro-organisms as it was able to isolate more micro-organisms in all the samples than pour plate method.
  • Item
    Effects of Storage Environment and Packaging Media on the Disease Incidence and Weight Loss of Stored African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum)
    (Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria., 2017) Sunmonu, MO; Odewole, MM; Obajemihi, O; Ajala, OE
    A study was conducted to study the effect of storage environment and packaging media on the disease incidence and weight loss of stored African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum). Three storage environments were identified in this study namely- evaporative cooling basket, refrigerator and ambient storage and freshly harvested ripe African star apples were wrapped in perforated polythene, moist jute material and without packaging and stored under these three storage environment. The apples were observed for deteriorations mediated by microbial infection and insect infestation. Manifestation of infestation which affected the shelf-life of African Star Apple was delayed most in the refrigerator. The level of infestation of the apples stored in evaporative cooling basket was next to the refrigerator in the decreasing order. Weight losses were lower in apples wrapped with moist jute sack (0.48% ± 1.6) stored in refrigerator than those wrapped with perforated polythene (0.79% ± 1.2) and unwrapped (1.45% ±1.4). Similar wrapping effects were obtained in the evaporative cooling basket and ambient. Weight losses were lower in apples stored in refrigerator (0.91%) than in the evaporative cooling basket (2.84 %) and ambient shade (7.41 %).