Browsing by Author "Abdulkareem, S. A."

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Item
    COMPARISON OF FUEL OIL FROM THERMAL AND CATALYTIC CRACKING OF HIGH DENSITY POLYETHLENE [HDPE]
    (Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 2014-03-17) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Eleburuike, N. A.; Amoloye, T. O.
    Thermal and catalytic cracking of waste high density polyethylene, HDPE (Discarded yoghurt bottles), using CuO/Al2O3 catalyst at 430-5200C into fuel oils were carried out using a self-designed stainless steel laboratory reactor. Waste HDPE was cracked into liquid fuel oil, solid residue and gaseous hydrocarbon products. It was observed that catalytic cracking, using CuO/Al2O3 catalyst, had lower degradation temperature, faster gaseous and liquid product generation rate and higher yield of paraffinic hydrocarbons than thermal cracking. In contrast, thermal cracking had higher yield of liquid product and more olefinic hydrocarbons than catalytic cracking. GC-MS analysis results gave the compositions of the liquid products of thermal and catalytic cracking to be in the range of C8-C24, and distributed between paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons.
  • Item
    Development of Particleboard from Waste Styrofoam and Sawdust
    (NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, 2017-06-01) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Raji, S. A.; Adeniyi, A. G.
    The use of Plastic Based Resin (PBR) synthesised from waste Styrofoam as binder in the production of particleboard was the focus of this investigation. This study explored the properties of particleboard produced from sawdust wastes and PBR resin synthesized from waste Styrofoam. Three particleboard panels namely C1, C2 and C3 were prepared with 20%, 30%, and 40%, (v/v), respectively. PBR was synthesised via solvolysis of waste Styrofoam in a chosen solvent, and properly mixed with sawdust by simple mechanical stirring, using hand lay-up process in cold pressing to obtain the desired shapes. ASTM D-1037 standard was used to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured particleboards. Density, moisture content (MC), water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), and mechanical properties i.e. modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of C2 and C3 were better than that of C1 particleboard and met the LD-1 requirement of ANSI A208.1. PBR from Styrofoam waste is confirmed as a good substitute for Urea or formaldehyde based resin presently used industrially. The properties of C2 and C3 synthesised are in tandem with the requirements of the ANSI A208.1 standards.
  • Item
    Preparation and evaluation of electrical properties of plastic composites developed from recycled polystyrene and local clay
    (NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, 2018-03-24) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Adeniyi, A. G.
    In this study, the development of polymer composites was achieved from local clay material and waste polystyrene by cold pressing method, the preparation, electrical, and physical behaviours of clay-polystyrene composites are described. Polystyrene based resin (PBR) was produced from waste polystyrene by solvolysis in petroleum solvent and mixed with the 100μm clay particles at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% clay contents. Composite panels were prepared and tested for Physical and electrical properties. Metallurgical microscope was used for the microstructural studies. It was found that with the increase in clay content in PBR from 0 to 40%, there was a rise in density of the composite by about 11% with a simultaneous decrease in the void fraction or porosity from 5.3 % to 1.5%. It was also observed that the polymer composite with the filler loading of 40 wt% has the highest conductivity value of 1.88E-07 S/cm. The comparison of micrographs at 40x and 100x indicated a good dispersion and distribution of clay particles in the polystyrene matrix. The polymer composites produced can be adapted for applications where electrostatic dissipative materials are required.
  • Item
    PRODUCTION OF PARTICLEBOARDS USING POLYSTYRENE AND BAMBOO WASTES
    (Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH), 2017-07-01) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Adeniyi, A. G.
    This investigation was able to produce incredibly strong particleboards using bamboo and resinous material obtained from Polystyrene wastes. The particleboards were prepared by mixing the bamboo fibres and Polystyrene based resin (PBR) followed by flat press process at different ratio (v/v). Physical properties were measured, with reference to normal and oven curing methods, according to the ASTM D-1037 standard. Thickness Swelling (TS) of the samples were measured after 2 and 24 hours of immersion in water at 25oC temperature. It was found that the physical properties of particleboards with 20%, 30% and 40% PBR content were all in agreement with low density particleboard classification of American National Standards Institute (ANSI). TS increased as the PBR content decreased in the matrix. Obtained properties convincingly indicate superior bonding ability of the synthesised resinous polystyrene over known industrial adhesives typically used for particleboard production.
  • Item
    Recycling Copper and Polystyrene from Solid Waste Stream in Developing Conductive Composites
    (The Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management, 2019-02-01) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Adeniyi, A. G.
    Combining Polystyrene and copper waste in the production of conductive composite is of combined economic and environmental sustainability interest. In the present work, conductive composites of micro copper particle and a solvated polystyrene resin were prepared. The graded copper particles were thoroughly mixed with the solvated polystyrene resin by simple mechanical stirring, using hand lay-up process and cold pressing into the desired shapes. The conductive composites were prepared with varying content of copper and the electrical conductivity of the resulting composites was determined using a four point probe method. The composites were further characterised using laboratory-made density setup and metallurgical microscopy. A conductivity of 4.57 × 10-8 S cm-1 was achieved with 10 wt% loading of copper and a maximum conductivity of 2.53 × 10-7 S cm-1 was achieved with 40 wt% of copper content. The density and microscopy results showed that the composites have increasing conductive network as the composition of copper increased in the solvated polystyrene matrix. The obtained results for the conductive composites prepared indicated a high potential for their successful use in electrical and electromagnetic applications.
  • Item
    Synthesis and Structural analysis of aluminium-filled polystyrene composites from recycled wastes
    (Journal of Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, 2018-05-01) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Amosa, M. K; Adeniyi, A. G.
    In this study, the effects of powdered Aluminium (Al) as reinforcing fillers for polystyrene-based resin (PBR) matrix has been evaluated based on the analysis of mechanical and structural properties. Samples were prepared by hand lay-out technique enhanced with the usage of single roller. The PBR was reinforced by Aluminium powders (μm) at selected weight fractions of (0, 5, 10, and 15 %) and investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) physical and mechanical testing. The study of mechanical properties includes: elongation at break, time to failure and young modulus. The XRD studies confirmed no chemical reaction but rather the introduction of crystalline structure in the polystyrene matrix based on the amount of aluminium content and the even distribution of aluminium powder in the matrix. The tensile strength increased with increasing filler content; however elongation at break and time to break showed decrement as the weight fraction of aluminium powder is increased in the composites. The mechanical and XRD analysis demonstrated that the presence of aluminium micro particles in PBR matrix enhances structural properties of the composites.
  • Item
    Tensile and water absorbing properties of natural fibre reinforced plastic composites from waste polystyrene and rice husk
    (ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD), 2018-09-06) Abdulkareem, S. A.; Adeniyi, A. G.
    This paper presents a study on the development of Natural fibre reinforced plastic composite from the waste polystyrene and rice husk, a new class of composites consisting of polystyrene based resin reinforced with rice husk fibre. Four different sets of polystyrene/rice husk composites were fabricated with addition of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt% of rice husk particulates. Tensile and water absorbing properties of these composites were evaluated as per ASTM standard. Tests for water absorption were performed by immersing the samples in a bath of distilled water at room temperature and water uptake was measured gravimetrically along the process. It was observed that young modulus, force at peak, percentage water absorbed and diffusion coefficient of the composite increased while elongation at peak force decreased with addition of rice husk in the PBR matrix. The highest values of young modulus, force at peak, diffusion coefficients and elongation at peak force at 40 % rice husk content are: 365 N/mm2, 562 N, 1.77E-04 mm2/s and 0.76 % respectively. The recycled rice husk in combination with the PBR has produced plastic composite with moderate tensile and water absorbing properties applicable in various application.