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Major Emerging Viral Zoonosis Reported in Nigeria: A Review
(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria, 2021-12) Aiyedun J.O.; Oludairo O.O.; Nwoha R.I.O.; Daodu O.B.
This review paper is aimed to provide comprehensive information on emerging and re-emerging viral zoonoses, factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of these diseases and prevention and control measures against these viral zoonotic diseases. Emerging zoonoses like avian influenza, ebola virus disease and Lassa fever are those infections, in which the incidence in humans and animals have either increased during the last two decades or threaten to increase shortly. Re-emerging zoonoses like rabies are those that have reappeared after a significant decline in their incidence. Emerging and re-emerging diseases are causing devastating effects nationally and internationally, with millions of people infected and billions of money spent. The factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of zoonoses are viral adaptation, antigenic drift and shift, climatic conditions, international travel, globalization and trade. To prevent both human and animal deaths and to avoid potential economic burdens associated with emerging and re-emerging viral zoonotic diseases, there should be good control and prevention methods for these diseases such as good epidemiological survey, improved diagnostic facility, avoidance of global warming and working in collaboration with all stakeholders.
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DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN NIGERIA: A CONSIDERATION FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT
(Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, National Institute of Educational Olanning and Administration, Ondo, Nigeria, 2016) Bamimore, Paul Oyesiji; Oluwalola, Felicia Kikelomo
The paper examines the demand and supply of human capital in educational system and a consideration for effective management. Specifically, the paper looks at the issue of demand and supply of teachers in Nigeria. The paper also looks into teacher planning and manpower planning, factors determining the rate at which teachers should be recruited. This paper equally examines teachers' outflows and inflows. Equally discussed is the consideration for effective management. Recommendations were offered and conclusion was made.
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Comparative effects of practical and alternative to practical methods on students’ academic performance in Biology
(Department of Vocational Education, University of Uyo., 2016-04) Olutola, A. T.; Daramola, D. S.; Bamidele, E. O
The study investigated the comparative effects of practical and alternative to practical methods on students’ academic performance in Biology in Ilorin, Nigeria. Two senior secondary schools (SSS) in Ilorin metropolis were randomly chosen and intact science class of SS3 in each of the chosen schools was selected for the study. Students in the first other school were taught and assessed using practical method while their counterparts in the other school were taught and assessed using alternative to practical method. The researchers’ designed Biology Practical Test I (BPT I) and Biology Practical Test 2 (BPT 2) with Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 0.73 (Pre-test) and 0.82 (Post-test) were used to obtained data for the study. The data collected were analysed using Analysis of COVARIANCE (ANCOVA). Findings revealed that there is a significant effect of practical methods on secondary school students’ performance in Biology. In addition, there is no significant effect of gender on students’ academic performance in Biology and there is no significant interactive effect of gender subject combinations and practical methods on students’ performance in Biology. Based on these findings, it was recommended that secondary school administrators and Biology teachers should allow male and female Biology students to participate actively during the weekly Biology practical lessons.
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Rabies immune status of vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs in Kwara State, Nigeria.
(Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, 2021) Aiyedun J.O.; Oluboyede I.S.; Daodu O.B.; Oludairo O.O.; Olorunshola I.D.; Darajat A.T.
Rabies is one of the deadliest zoonoses that have existed for decades, affecting wide range of hosts globally. In Nigeria, there is paucity of data on routine antibody check of antirabies vaccinated dogs as quality assurance. This study was designed to investigate the seroprevalence of canine rabies virus in both vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs within Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and eighty-two (182) blood samples collected from dogs were transported to the Virology and Immunology Laboratory of the University of Ilorin Veterinary Teaching Hospital for processing. Sera were harvested from the blood samples and rabies IgG was qualitatively determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Overall seroprevalence of 11% (20/182) was recorded in this study. One hundred and twenty-one (66.5%) and Sixty-one (33.5%) of the dogs used in this study had vaccination and non-vaccination status respectively. The study also revealed that several dogs (78.7%; 48/61) that were said to be vaccinated did not have rabies antibodies while some unvaccinated dogs (5.8%; 7/121) had rabies antibodies. There was a significant (χ2 = 11.177, df = 4, P = 0.025) association between age group and rabies virus antibodies detection. The same significant (χ2 = 9.995, df = 1, P = .002) association was observed for vaccination status of dogs sampled. On the other hand, sex has no significant (χ2 = 0.71, df = 1, P = .790) association with rabies virus antibodies. Poor attitude to vaccination of dogs used for hunting in rural and semi-urban areas was generally observed compared to dogs kept for other purposes in urban areas. There is need for increased rabies awareness campaign, vaccine subsidies, and wider sero-surveillance activities engaging the relevant stakeholders with government sponsorship
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Assessment of senior secondary school students’ knowledge of Yorùbá proverbs in Ìrẹ́pọ̀ local government area of Ọ̀yọ́ state.
(Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education, University of Adó-Èkìtì, Adó-Èkìtì, Nigeria, 2019-06-20) Badru, S.A. & Ògúnníran, V. O.